US President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping reached a significant agreement on Saturday, underscoring the necessity for human oversight in decisions to deploy nuclear weapons, rather than relying on artificial intelligence.

A joint statement from the White House highlighted the commitment to human control over nuclear weapon use and advocated for cautious development of AI technologies in military contexts.

This agreement signals progress in traditionally difficult negotiations between the US and China regarding nuclear arms and AI.

Despite previous stalled talks, the US has been urging China to engage in discussions due to China's rapidly expanding nuclear capabilities.

The US Defense Department estimates China currently has approximately 500 operational nuclear warheads, with projections indicating this could exceed 1,000 by 2030.

China's advancements in modern military technology, despite its relatively smaller arsenal compared to Russia and the US, have raised concerns about a potential arms race.

Although China's policy of no first use remains, the Biden administration, in its recent nuclear guidance, has voiced concerns over nuclear threats from China, North Korea, and Russia.

The recent agreement marks a step forward; however, the path to tangible actions or additional dialogue remains uncertain.